After your headline, your call to action (CTA) is the most important element on your website.
How many times have you heard or read the current ‘best practice’ around CTAs… that states one should always place CTAs above the fold? It’s a nice, easy-to-grasp rule of thumb that appeals to one’s common sense, right?
Well, there is also a less prevalent argument put forth by rogue copywriters and interaction designers… that CTAs are best placed where visitors are ready to start thinking about clicking a call to action.
What’s your point of view? (Feel free to share in the comments below.)
Personally, I’m a firm believer in the latter approach, and I hope to persuade those of you who subscribe to the current popular thinking (i.e., CTAs always above the fold) to come over to the other side. 🙂 And for those of you who are already converted, I hope to promote – with your help – a ‘new’ best practice around CTA placement on a page.
I propose a radical re-thinking of your CTAs… not just in their placement on the page, but also in how you think about calls to action in general.
Okay, so what exactly is this radical approach? Well, it’s me transforming “radical” into “RADical” with this bit of tricky business:
R (Require)
A (Acquire)
D (Desire)
A little cheesy? Perhaps, but acronyms help me remember certain things… like how to look at CTAs!
In my experience assessing and running A/B tests on hundreds of landing pages, I’ve learned that there are 3 things that must occur before anyone will click your CTA:
- Visitors must have the information they require before clicking your CTA.
- Visitors must be able to easily acquire your CTA.
- Visitors must desire whatever is on the other side of your CTA.
Let me break it down in more detail…
#1: Give visitors the information they require before asking them to click
Getting this right simply involves asking yourself if people have what they require in order to click your primary CTA. I’m not suggesting that you can’t keep a CTA above the fold – it may, in fact, be the ideal placement.
For example, if you’re selling Web-based software, your main CTA might be “Take A Two-Minute Tour”.
If your headline sets up your product or service as something of interest to a new visitor, and you show an aesthetically pleasing screenshot of your new creation, then it’s not hard to believe that people could be ready to take a tour of your product.
But there are also tons of examples of CTAs sitting high on the page… where it’s hard to imagine visitors having enough information to click and move on. They likely require more information about whatever it is you’re selling.
Let me illustrate with a business vertical where the players tend to follow each other’s lead… the auto insurance business.
For major national brands like Allstate, State Farm and Progressive, it seems plausible that their home page visitors could arrive armed with enough information about the brand to comfortably begin the [lengthy and often painful] process of requesting an auto insurance quote.
How so? First, because auto insurance is not a new concept to people, and second, because the national brands do so much advertising that they’re already top of mind for people seeking auto insurance. High brand awareness will typically lower the amount of information people require before entering the quote process.
Look where the main “Get a Quote” CTA is located on this screenshot of Progressive’s home page:
Does it work for them? I suspect so.
But does the same hold true for a lesser-known insurance brand like American Family? Not in my opinion.
Everyone makes a sub-conscious decision before clicking any CTA. It’s a split-second weighing of the perceived cost of clicking versus the perceived value of clicking. The perceived cost of getting a quote will be well known to anyone who’s done it before, but the perceived value of getting a quote from American Family is difficult to assess without access to more information.
I believe people visiting the American Family home page will require more details about why they should begin the quote process. Getting a quote takes time and it involves pulling together a lot of details about yourself, your household, and your vehicles. So unless visitors are already very familiar with American Family’s value proposition as an insurer, they’ll want to know what’s in it for them.
And yet American Family follows the same CTA design pattern as their larger competitors (i.e., CTA high on the page):
Take another look at the screenshot of Progressive’s home page (above American Family’s). Not only does Progressive’s above-the-fold CTA placement work because of their brand awareness, but they also provide crucial information alongside the CTA that will help people make the cost-value decision:
Cost: Get a quote in about 6 minutes
Value: You could save over $475 on car insurance
Before anyone will ‘invest’ in clicking your CTA, they need to know this:
Perceived value of the click > Perceived cost of the click
What information do your visitors require before making a click decision on your home page? Are you presenting at least a high level summary of the value your visitors can expect to receive by clicking?
Remember: Enable people to get the information they require before presenting them with a CTA. Trying to make the sale too soon may result in no sale at all.
#2: Allow visitors to easily acquire your CTA
The second component of our new way of thinking about CTAs is a little more straightforward than the first.
It simply boils down to knowing whether or not people can find your CTA. In other words, is it 100% clear to all visitors where they should click (once they have the information the require)?
Does that sound like a silly question? You’d be surprised.
Here are some common obstacles to “Acquire” that I see all the time:
- CTAs that are too small to see at a glance
- CTAs that do not provide sufficient contrast against other page elements (e.g., gray buttons!)
- CTAs that are placed outside the normal eye-path of your primary content
- CTAs that compete with too many other CTAs on the page
- CTAs that are nestled amongst other evenly weighted CTAs
“Acquire” has nothing to do with button copy, and everything to do with visibility.
Remember: When your visitors are ready to click, they need to see the target. So make it really easy for them to acquire it.
#3: Make people desire whatever is on the other side of your CTA
“Require” is about what happens before people can click your CTA.
“Acquire” is about whether or not people can click your CTA.
“Desire” is about whether or not people will click your CTA.
Just because people have enough information to make a decision about clicking doesn’t mean they will. And even if people can easily find your CTA, they still may not click.
You need to do a little more work to ensure your visitors move deeper into your sales funnel, and persuade them to follow through with a click.
How? By carefully choosing the copy you incorporate into your CTA.
Here are a few suggestions on how to make your CTA copy more persuasive:
Lead with a familiar, easy-to-understand verb.
Use articles (e.g., “the”, “a”) or prepositions (e.g., “for”) to avoid sounding too robotic.
Be as specific as possible with your word choice rather than generic. (Hint: “Learn More” is generic.)
Add a strong benefit or statement of value. What will the visitor get out of clicking your CTA?
Suggest instant gratification by tacking on words like “Today”, “Now”, “Instantly” or “In Seconds”.
Let’s put this into practice.
Here are 3 examples of copy for an imaginary home page CTA:
“Submit”
“Learn More”
“Get Instant Access To Our Free Report”
Which of the 3 creates the strongest desire in your mind?
Paired with an easy-to-find button and some concise information about what lies within the free report, the 3rd option stands a great chance of getting clicked. The 3rd option also meets all of the ‘persuasive’ guidelines I mentioned above:
Lead with a familiar, easy-to-understand verb.
Use articles or prepositions to avoid sounding too robotic.
Be as specific as possible with your word choice rather than generic.
Add a strong benefit or statement of value.
Suggest instant gratification.
Remember: You need to consider the mindset of your visitors… more specifically, to think about the perceived value versus the perceived cost of clicking your primary button, and ensure you’re shifting the scale in your visitors’ minds toward the former. Get them excited about the value and they’ll click!
Applying RAD guidelines to your own site
Want proof that it works? If you have the traffic to run some landing page A/B tests, try the following:
If you think visitors may require specific details about your offering prior to clicking your CTA, add some succinct copy about your product/service above the CTA and test it.
If you suspect visitors cannot easily (i.e., zero effort) locate your primary CTA, make it more prominent and test it.
If you believe your CTA copy to be too generic and sub-optimal in terms of communicating value, punch it up and test it.
Happy testing!
Hey, great article 🙂 I noticed that your images are broken but i’d love to see them. Any chance you could re-post them?
Amazing article, but by any chance could you put the images back up?
Excellent post, with some very informative reviews of different pages. Will be using this to improve our inbound marketing performance 🙂
Simply amazing 🙂 .I’ve been following your books and seen amazing results.
Thank you for awsome posts
enjoyed the grading exercise. I just spent 15 minutes on this post alone, can u get a better complimennt than that? 🙂
Indeed. Hard to beat — thanks Idanca!!
Great post. I like how you brought some well-known examples in there to apply it in the real world – and I agree with most of your ratings.
Lots to mull over and split test.
Hey Finch (cool name, btw), I will take “agree with most…” any day! There is a lot of subjectivity involved with grading CTAs, so it’s nice to hear some validation of my approach. My wife, Joanna, was also on board with most of my ratings, with the exception of Site #5 (Wanelo). That one caused a bit of a stir at our dinner table. 🙂
Like if you landed here thanks to Finch 🙂
Applying these changes as we speak.
[…] Hey I just met you, so “click here” maybe? UXMovement tells you Why your links should never say “Click Here.” Then, Radically re-thinking your Call to Action. […]
This is an amazing post, Lance – thanks for sharing. It’s helped me to think more about what my visitors require – that’s something that’s seriously lacking on my site, and something I’m going to focus on improving. Thanks again!
Thank you for stopping by, Josh. I would LOVE to hear about how you applied RAD to your site. I find working on improving website copy a lot of fun… Hope you do too!!
hmmmm as I venture into my own startup working with a product that targets brands I need to be conscious of how to attract them to trial the service. Sometimes you forget that the people behind the brands are just that, people. And they will inter(re)act like any other person.
Fortunately the landing page copy is still in the process and this gives me great insight.
Thanks
I couldn’t agree more! As people who put web sites together, we often forget that our sales and analytics data are generated by real people, too. Remembering that will go a long way toward increasing your sales and getting the copy & design right.
I LOVE HOW YOU GAVE SO MANY EXAMPLES AND EVEN GAVE GRADES. FOR SOMEONE LIKE ME WHO IS JUST GETTING INTO THIS GAME, THIS IS “UBER” HELPFUL. THERE ISN’T REALLY A COPY WRITING SCHOOL, SO A COUPLE OF HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENTS IS REFRESHING.
(MY CAPS WAS ON I JUST YELLED) woops.
What’s that ringing in my ears? 🙂 (Love your “woops”.)
I really had fun with the grading part of this post… makes me wonder if I should’ve become a teacher!
Glad you enjoyed it, Billy.
Great value in this article Lance, so glad I found you. Would L-O-V-E to sit around the backyard at your place sipping some BC craft beer absorbing marketing talk between you and Joanna ! Red Racer IPA anyone?
CTA, to me, lies at the intersection of copy and design. We need to think of a webpage as if it has hands that reach out and compel the visitor to interact in a pre-defined manner. The recent 2 part article by Rachel Nabors on “Comics and UX” (part 1: https://www.uxbooth.com/blog/comics-and-ux-part-1-cross-disciplinary-techniques/ and part 2: https://www.uxbooth.com/blog/comics-and-ux-part-2-flow-and-content/) really stuck me how “in control” we can and should be with web design when it comes to LEADING the visitor. I guess great visual artist have known this for a long time, but so many webpages are faulty of looking nice “in the whole” but not directing the eyes as to how it should be taken in. Copy, of course, lies on the path of gradual engagement, along with buttons and pictures and videos, etc. All need to create an ideal flow. In this way, the CTA (or, to be radical, multiple CTAs) can make sense and be effective as RAD principles emerge. I am totally sympatico with you saying the rules like “above the fold” are silly – they won’t happen if you have the flow right. Instead, they’ll be there when you need them … or rather when the viewer needs them. One need only think of long sales pages to emphasize that point – those genius’ of the past showed us they provide the CTA appropriate to the readers journey and where they are on the path. (i just picked up Joanna’s Dark Art book … will be great reading this weekend I’m sure).
Anyhow, I’ve gone on long enough … just some rambling thoughts.
All the best — now go get yourself a Red Racer 😉
Werner, it’s Friday and sunny here (a perfect early summer’s day!), and you’ve got me looking ahead with verve to the end of my work day… so I can enjoy a nice, cool beverage. And you know what? Joanna and I often get into some crazy-interesting marketing discussions over a glass of wine — and she’s even pushing me to help her co-create a new podcast called “Joanna & Lance Have a Glass of Wine”! (BTW, we are both very appreciative of your recent purchase of Joanna’s Dark Art of Writing Sales Pages ebook).
I’d read Rachel’s posts on the similarities between comic design and Web page design. She’s very talented — and I thoroughly enjoyed her take on things.
In my opinion, businesses continue to miss BIG TIME in 2 areas on their Web sites:
1) Creating a flow to pull people in, and
2) Forgetting to ask for the sale or doing so ineffectively.
Big companies with huge Web channel budgets throw information up on pages (especially home pages) in the hope that something will stick. They put a CTA above the fold because they don’t really know where else it could go. It’s much harder to think through the ideal flow of information… to try to get inside the minds of your visitors. And because it’s hard, they don’t bother. Comics are hard, too — but imagine how awful it would be for readers to make sense out of a comic where no thought was put into the story and information flow.
Asking for the sale is a big topic that I will have some fun writing about soon. I hope you’ll come back to read my thoughts on it.
Enjoy your weekend Werner! Thank you for taking the time to share your thoughts.
Great article. Love the RAD acronym use.
This couldn’t have come at a better time, as I am just putting together a new PPC landing page and was working on the CTA.
I do have a question though. What is your opinion on giving people a ‘skip the queue’ CTA?
For example, the page I am currently finishing up is a longform page selling someone on requesting a demo of our software.
Of course, I want to have the CTA, with embedded form, at the bottom of the page…
But is it reasonable to place the same CTA button at the top of the page, for those that are instantly ready, and have it jump to the form location?
Hi, Ross! Thanks for your kind words. I wasn’t sure what people would think of yet another acronym in the Web world — glad I’ve found at least one supporter. 🙂
Regarding your question… for your typical Web page (not including PPC landing pages or sales letters), I’d say you should test the placement of repeated CTAs to see what happens. Having a “skip the queue” CTA might make sense for your returning visitors. But you have balance that with adequately preparing your first-time visitors to click your CTA, too.
For PPC landing pages — and especially long-form sales pages — or any other pages where you’re relying on a narrative to tell a story and knock down objections, I firmly believe you should hold off on presenting a CTA until after you’ve fully engaged the reader and pulled them into your story, emotionally.
Even if people only read your cross-heads, they can still grasp the highlights before deciding whether or not to move to the next step in your sales funnel.
It may feel slightly uncomfortable to try this approach, but I’ve seen it work very well!
Hope to hear more from you on future posts!!
Lance
This article is excellent. Actionable, specific and has plenty of examples. Bookmarked and subscribed.
For me personally I’d love to continue to learn about conversion optimization for eCommerce. Many of the principles laid out work great for lead gen, service signup or sites that sell a few products and services.
When you’re dealing with hundreds of products in an eCommerce platform like Shopify for example, it is usually not possible to edit a products main CTA (add to cart) for each product page without going to great lengths through development.
Regarding the issue of a customer having enough information to click the CTA. Notice how 99% of all eCommerce product pages are designed essentially the same. Product image on the left, add to cart on the right and details and descriptions below.
I understand that testing is the best option for these things but for most of my personal cases I don’t have enough traffic for statistical certainty.
Can you point me in the direction of any eCommerce product page layout tests, studies etc. If not it would make an excellent post for the future.
+1 for eCommerce examples.
Thanks for the great articles.
Thank you, Anthony. And I’m hearing you and Matt loud and clear. 🙂
Much appreciated, Matt. That’s what I was aiming for.
I agree that sites with a large number of products have a different set of challenges around optimization — and I also think that people (visitors to those sites) have a different set of expectations and/or behavior around what appears on the pages. I’ve done plenty of testing on pure e-commerce sites, so I’m adding your idea near the top of my list for upcoming posts.
I really appreciate your suggestion, and I hope you’ll comment more on future posts!
Lance