5 Types of Tone in Writing:
- Innovative
- Expensively elegant
- Energetic
- Irreverent
- Dependable
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Your message is what you’re trying to communicate. Your tone of voice is how you communicate it.
Tone takes a statement and either breathes life into it… or sucks the life out of it.
It goes without saying, I think, that the tone you should be aiming for is the kind that will breathe life into your copy… bring your brand out of its shell… and help your visitors connect with your brand and offering.
But how do you create that tone?
Is it as simple as sitting down at your desk and putting your Mr. Creative hat on – then letting the proverbial muse take over?
Or do you head over to your competition’s site and mimic – or counter – what they’re doing?
Well, there is a bit of an art to getting a tone right, so the muse may come into play (unlike anywhere else in web copywriting).
And knowing how your competitors are communicating with their visitors can be useful, too; go do a content audit to get started there.
But, that said, it shouldn’t surprise you to know that…:
Your paying customers can help you find and refine your tone.
Recommendation:
Poll your new customers. Send a follow-up “Thanks for choosing us”
email within days of a purchase, and ask your customer to indicate –
quite simply – which adjective (of a short list of options) best describes
how they feel about your brand.*
Learning what adjective(s) your customers use most often to describe you can help you find your tone. How can that be? Because nearly every tone under the sun is simply an adjective brought to life. Your tone can be nerdy, romantic, condescending, patriotic, joyful, shocking, cool, happy, foolish, funny, formal or flirty. Those are all, of course, adjectives. They are brought to life on the page by combining diction and syntax to create tone.**
Your tone can be anything. Unfortunately, it is most often this one thing: BORING.
B2B copy is particularly guilty of being boring to read… because there’s this misconception that businesses, lawyers, accountants, etc only wish to be informed. As if they are robots. As if they have no emotion, don’t smile at puppies, don’t watch movies, wear uniforms and live in a plain white box. Just look at the copy that is supposed to make Finance and Operations folks want to attend this Oracle event:
Now, I’m not a “finance and operations” pro, but I have a hard time believing that the tone of this copy would connect with anyone. It’s entirely factual and informative… which [incorrectly] assumes that people make buying decisions rationally, sans emotion.. I’d venture to say that this Oracle copywriter – who’s probably a perfectly nice person that’s been beaten into submission by one too many Fortune 500 HIPPOs – knows that people are going to sign up for this event because they have to, not because they want to.
So, great, if YOUR visitors HAVE to use your solution, you may not need to invest in a tone of voice that connects with people…
But if YOUR visitors get to make a choice – if they get to say ‘no’ to you – then optimizing your tone makes sense. Why?
Because…:
A great tone can inspire desirable emotional responses in your visitors.
And emotional responses are huge in human decision-making.
As Human Factors International teaches, emotion is one of 3 key considerations when building successful online interactions. Failing to build emotion-inspiring moments into your site can negatively impact your user experience, conversion rate and customer retention. Tone creates emotional responses in your reader, and that’s a very good thing.
What’s extra-fantastic about that is that emotional responses are damn hard for the competition to mimic or steal from you. Once you’ve made your audience feel for you, good luck shaking ’em! That means tone can be great for attracting and retaining customers… to say nothing of increasing the likelihood that they’ll tell their friends about you. (People remember how they feel about a brand or experience. If they feel nothing, they remember nothing.)
Now, you may be sold on the idea of cultivating a better tone.
And, from there, you may come to believe that your tone should reflect your personality – but, IMHO, creating a personality shouldn’t be your primary objective in developing your tone. Rather, you should develop a tone in order to:
- Enact the value your visitors desire, such as dependability or entertainment
- Engage your visitors by making your site copy more enjoyable to read (i.e., less like work)
- Stimulate positive feelings that then become associated with your brand
With those points in mind – rather than simply “creating a personality” – you can see that real business goals can be directly tied to the development of an excellent tone.
“Emotion is the adhesive that, when mixed with trust, equals loyalty.”
The Marketing Power of Emotion – John O’Shaughnessy
People want to feel something. They do not want to be bored. They don’t want to forget about the new brands they encounter. They want to like things – they want to like you.
As a copy hacker, it’s your job to help your visitors feel, to avoid boring them, to help them remember you, and to make them like you. That’s all part of your ongoing goals of
1) increasing their happiness and
2) selling them a better version of themselves.
Yes?
So, let’s say you decide that it’s time to work on your tone.
Great. If you do the poll I recommended above, you could come up with any adjective (I can’t possibly anticipate what yours will be). But, whatever tone you decide to experiment with or fully adopt, it may help you to see a few examples of companies that do tone well for their audiences – and to understand the types of tones that can work well for various offerings and brands. Voila:
Tone
Innovative
Who It May Be Right For
Software companies
App firms
Agencies
How to Do It
Be brief, succinct and simply articulate
Use conversational language, minus curse-words and colloquialisms
Let customers/users speak for you (i.e., testimonials instead of marketing messages)
Tone
Expensively Elegant
Who It May Be Right For
Spas and salons
Boutiques (even boutique Etsy stores)
High-end items targeted at affluent women
How to Do It
Use lengthier, flowing sentences
Use lots of adjectives… but not many action-oriented adverbs (which give the sense that one must rush, when the wealthy should not be rushed)
Offer minimal details, especially when it comes to functional stuff
Tone
Energetic
Who It May Be Right For
Exercise programs & gyms
Brands for teen & uni girls
Fun-focused social networks / apps
How to Do It
Use fragmented sentences, action-oriented bullets and short horizontal lines (i.e., lines don’t run the width of the page)
Opt for short, power-packed words – like what you might read in a Batman comic – over overused, bland words
Tone
Irreverent
Who It May Be Right For
Apps & games targeted at teen boys
How to Do It
Um, watch a lot of Fast Times at Ridgemont High, paying particular attention to how Spicoli talks but steering clear of sounding exactly like a surfer. 😉
Tone
Dependable
Who It May Be Right For
Insurance providers
Schools & courses
Hosting companies
Merchant service providers
How to Do It
Use words that feel warm, comfortable and wholesome
Avoid colloquialisms, curse-words, exclamation points or other high-emotion devices
Rely heavily on traditional rhetorical devices, like parallel statements
Other Tone Tips
- Your tone needs to feel authentic, not forced.
- Beware of attempts to be funny! They rarely come off as funny… and they tend to be embarrassing for everyone when they fall flat.
- Not every line needs to be tonal. Keep the prominent stuff – like headlines and subheads – tonal, let your inline help messaging be a tad tonal… and let the rest of the copy just be.
- If your competition is very tonal, you could set yourself apart not by competing with their tone but by pulling back and keeping things simple & straightforward. That can help differentiate you.
- Don’t forget context and busy-ness! Your tone shouldn’t be so thick that people who are in a rush or on their mobile devices feel burdened by it. Put usability before tone.
- Avoid inconsistencies. Don’t interject sudden moments of cutesiness in copy that otherwise feels casual.
- One of Cialdini’s six persuasion principles is Likability – so lean toward a likable-for-your-audience tone rather than one that’s potentially less likable.
Now all of this leads us to the video tutorial of the week.
Developing your copy tone is not an excuse to be clever, and it’s not a free pass to go hog wild with your messaging. But, yes, it can be fun – so you should be excited about it.
And when done intentionally and thoughtfully – like some of the examples I’ve shown – tone can help your visitors trust you, believe in you and connect with you… to say nothing of how great it can feel to publish copy that feels less like a robot wrote it and more like, well, a thinking, feeling human did.
~joanna
* If you’re going to do a poll like this, consider going narrow with the adjectives you present as options rather than broad. For example, let’s say that you already know that your brand feels beautiful. Rather than asking customers to indicate whether your brand feels Beautiful, Expensive, Youthful or Romantic – which are really 4 different sets of characteristics – go deep within the idea of “beautiful”, like so: Whimsical, Angelic, Tasteful, Foxy or Breathtaking. If you learn that you’re foxy, well, that’s a more specific and actionable attribute than simply beautiful.
** If you care, “diction” is the words you choose to use, and “syntax” is the way you string your words into sentences and your sentences into paragraphs.
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